Almost half the bee colonies in the United States died last winter. Many were the result of a disorder that causes the colony to literally collapse. Using a $4.1 million grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, scientists at the University of Georgia hope to find solutions to the problem that is killing bees in 36 states.
“Our long-term goal is to restore large and diverse populations of managed bee pollinators across the U.S. to sustain natural and agricultural plant communities,” said Keith Delaplane, an entomologist with the UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. Delaplane will direct the four-year Coordinated Agriculture Project (CAP) that is part of a National Research Initiative funded through the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service.
A multidisciplinary team of researchers and extension specialists representing 17 states will be working on the project. The 19-member team will include specialists in epidemiology, virology, pathology, ecology, toxicology, bee biology, apiculture and integrated pest management.
The team will study colony collapse disorder. First identified in November 2006, CCD expresses itself in bee colonies where foragers have abandoned the nest. This leaves behind large quantities of untended young bees and honey.
Normally, weakened colonies are robbed clean by neighboring bees. When a colony is decimated by CCD the untended honey may remain untouched.
Scientists believe a combination of factors contribute to the phenomenon including pesticide exposure, environmental and nutritional stresses, new or reemerging pathogens and a new virus that targets the bees' immune systems.
“At this point it’s more forensic science than experimental science,” Delaplane said. “We have a set of symptoms but we don’t understand cause and effect.”
Initial research will focus on determining which of the factors are contributing causes of CCD, either individually or in combination.
“We are trying to look at CCD from every angle, address it with research and deliver the knowledge to clientele groups who need answers,” he said. “Expectations are high.”
After research is complete, the research team hopes to have some practical answers for beekeepers and growers of crops that rely on bees for pollination. Plans include developing best management practice guides, breeding strains of bees with genetic resistance to parasites and pathogens, improving the regulatory framework for better protection against pathogens, pests and parasites and creating Web-based distribution of science-based information on bee health and CCD. They are also laying the groundwork for a bee stock registry.
Honeybees pollinate about a third of the nation’s food supply and add $15 billion annually to U.S. crops. They pollinate 130 different fruits, vegetables and nuts including almonds, apples, avocados, blackberries, blueberries, broccoli, carrots, cherries, cucumbers, onions, peaches and soybeans.
Although they are an essential part of crop production, the impact of the honeybee pollination on human beings is not a matter of life or death, Delaplane said.
“More human calories are supplied by wind-pollinated cereals like wheat and rice,” he said. “However, when economies improve we see an increase in the consumption of meat and dairy products and bee-pollinated fruits like melons and berries.”
A comparative example is the difference in U.S. diets and those in countries like Sudan, he said. “That difference is largely explained by bee-pollinated crops,” he said.
While there are other bee pollinators, honeybees are the most prolific and easiest to manage for the large scale pollination the agriculture industry requires. In California, the almond crop alone needs 1.3 million bee colonies, about half of all honey bees in the country.
The number of managed bee colonies has dropped from five million in the 1940s to half that number today. To meet demand, commercial beekeepers truck bees to provide pollination services.
In addition to UGA, the institutions participating in the grant project are Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Illinois Natural History Survey, North Carolina State University, Kentucky State University, Michigan State University, Penn State University, Purdue University, University of California-Riverside, University of Maine, University of Massachusetts, University of Minnesota, University of Nebraska, University of Tennessee, USDA ARS Weslaco, Texas and Washington State University.
by April Sorrow
University of Georgia
April Sorrow is a news editor with the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
Saturday, June 7, 2008
Manure Management Can be Challenging
The term “small farm” brings to mind anything from a couple of horses on several acres to a family dairy or feedlot. Despite the varying definitions, all small farms share the common challenge to properly manage a common problem - manure.
Specialists from across the United States have scheduled an information session to help small farmers manage manure problems. The hour-long seminar will cover challenges for small farmers, environmental issues and how to develop a nutrient management plan.
The national Webcast session is set for Friday, June 20 beginning at 2:30 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time.
The session will be led by University of Nebraska Extension engineer Chris Henry, North Carolina State University waste management extension specialist Mark Rice, University of New Jersey animal scientist Michael Westendorf and USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service specialist Fred Kelly.
The seminar is hosted by the Livestock and Poultry Environmental (LPE) Learning Center, part of eXtension, an educational partnership of land-grant colleges across the nation.
The Webcast can be accessed at http://connect.extension.iastate.edu/lpelc/ on June 20. The session will officially begin at 2:30 p.m. EDT, but participants can log on as early as 2:15 p.m. EDT.
For more information about small farm environmental issues, see the national eXtension Web site at http://www.extension.org/pages/Small_Farm_Environmental_Issues_Articles
By Sharon Omahen
University of Georgia
Sharon Omahen is a news editor with the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
Specialists from across the United States have scheduled an information session to help small farmers manage manure problems. The hour-long seminar will cover challenges for small farmers, environmental issues and how to develop a nutrient management plan.
The national Webcast session is set for Friday, June 20 beginning at 2:30 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time.
The session will be led by University of Nebraska Extension engineer Chris Henry, North Carolina State University waste management extension specialist Mark Rice, University of New Jersey animal scientist Michael Westendorf and USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service specialist Fred Kelly.
The seminar is hosted by the Livestock and Poultry Environmental (LPE) Learning Center, part of eXtension, an educational partnership of land-grant colleges across the nation.
The Webcast can be accessed at http://connect.extension.iastate.edu/lpelc/ on June 20. The session will officially begin at 2:30 p.m. EDT, but participants can log on as early as 2:15 p.m. EDT.
For more information about small farm environmental issues, see the national eXtension Web site at http://www.extension.org/pages/Small_Farm_Environmental_Issues_Articles
By Sharon Omahen
University of Georgia
Sharon Omahen is a news editor with the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
Friday, June 6, 2008
New Technology Could Help Prevent Fractures in Horses
BUSINESS WIRE--Researchers are developing a monitoring system similar to those used by earthquake seismologists to detect tiny cracks in bones, a technology that could help prevent fractures in humans and racehorses.
The new monitoring system records "acoustic emission data," or sound waves created by the tiny bone fissures. The same sorts of acoustic emissions are used to monitor the integrity of bridges and other structures, said Ozan Akkus, an associate professor in Purdue University's Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering.
"When a microcrack occurs in a bone it generates sound waves similar to those created by earthquakes," Akkus said. "The goal is to create a wearable device that would alert the person when a stress fracture was imminent so that they could stop rigorous physical activity long enough for the bone to heal."
Catastrophic injuries are rare in racehorses but still remain a major concern to horse owners and racing fans. This problem was highlighted by the recent tragedy involving this year's Kentucky Derby second-place finisher Eight Belles. The 3-year-old filly broke both ankles as she was slowing down at the end of the race and had to be euthanized. Big Brown won both the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes and is favored to win the Belmont Stakes on Saturday (June 7).
"The need for new technologies to prevent stress fractures and the many other causes of catastrophic injury to racehorses is great," said Stephen Adams, a veterinarian and professor in the Purdue School of Veterinary Medicine, who specializes in equine lameness and surgery. "These horses are running 40 miles an hour, and if there is a microfracture in the animal there is danger it will become a catastrophic failure."
Shane Fimbel, technology transfer manager for the Purdue Research Foundation's Office of Technology Commercialization, is helping to move the technology to the market.
"This technology is important in many ways, but in particular with horses and other animals because they cannot articulate why they are in pain," Fimbel said.
Such a technology also might protect soldiers, athletes and dancers. Akkus will be visiting West Point this summer to test the monitoring system on cadets going through basic training.
Bones most affected in horses are the cannon bones of the front legs. The most commonly affected bones in humans are those in the feet, legs and hips.
Researchers at Purdue and the University of Toledo have jointly filed patents on the discovery through the Purdue Research Foundation Office of Technology Commercialization.
Thursday, June 5, 2008
FDA Announces Limited Return of Heartworm Drug to U.S. Market
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today announced a limited return of a reformulated heartworm prevention drug for dogs, which had been withdrawn because of serious, life-threatening adverse reactions, including loss of appetite, lethargy; vomiting, seizures, difficulty walking, jaundice (a yellowish appearance); and bleeding disorders, allergies, convulsions, followed in some cases by death.
ProHeart 6 (moxidectin) Sustained Release Injectable for Dogs, NADA 141-189, manufactured by Fort Dodge Animal Health, Overland Park, Kan., is an approved injectable sustained-release heartworm prevention product for dogs. FDA is concurring with its limited return to the U.S. veterinary market under a risk minimization and restricted distribution program designed to manage the re-introduction of ProHeart 6 to provide for safe, appropriate use of the product while minimizing risk to dogs.
"This is the first veterinary drug to be marketed under a risk minimization and restricted distribution program. Numerous drugs for use in people have been successfully marketed under similar programs," said Bernadette Dunham, D.V.M., Ph.D., director, FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine. "While we concur with the limited return of ProHeart 6 to the U.S. market, we strongly encourage veterinarians and pet owners to report any possible adverse reactions."
Heartworm disease is a serious and potentially fatal condition for dogs. The parasite that causes heartworm disease is transmitted through the bite of a mosquito.
The risk minimization and restricted distribution program is intended to educate veterinarians and pet owners regarding the possible risks associated with the use of ProHeart 6. Therefore, Fort Dodge Animal Health is requiring veterinarians who wish to purchase ProHeart 6 to register with the company and participate in a Web-based training program prior to obtaining the product.
The return of ProHeart 6 to the market is based on results of additional toxicological and pharmacologic studies by Fort Dodge Animal Health coupled with the low adverse reaction frequency in international markets.
In 2004, Fort Dodge Animal Health agreed to voluntarily recall the product from the market based upon FDA's concerns regarding reports of serious adverse reactions in dogs following the use of ProHeart 6. In response to FDA's concerns, the manufacturer conducted additional testing of its product, which indicated that residues of the solvents used in the manufacture of ProHeart 6 may cause allergic reactions.
The manufacturer has improved the manufacturing specifications for ProHeart 6 to decrease the presence of those residues and has marketed the product in international markets. Few adverse events have been reported with this reformulated product.
The ProHeart 6 label and Client Information Sheet have been revised to include updated safety information. The new label includes warnings not to administer the drug within one month of vaccinations, and to use the product with caution in dogs with pre-existing allergic diseases including food allergies, allergic hypersensitivity, and flea allergy dermatitis. The label also warns against administering the drug to dogs who are sick, debilitated, underweight, or who have a history of weight loss. In addition, the label’s Post-Approval Experience section has been updated to include information about adverse reactions based on voluntary post-approval drug experience reporting.
Dog owners who suspect their dog is experiencing an adverse reaction to ProHeart 6 should immediately contact their veterinarian to initiate appropriate veterinary care. Veterinarians should contact Fort Dodge Animal Health to report any adverse events at (800) 533-8536.
Wednesday, June 4, 2008
Help your Dog through Fireworks and Frightful Forecasts
ARA - Summer has arrived and the Fourth of July is just around the corner. For families, that means more fun and festivities, but for pets it can become a stressful time due to increased sudden noise such as thunderstorms and fireworks.
“The summer can be a difficult time for pets with the noise of fireworks and neighborhood commotion. However, recognizing these changes in your dog’s environment, and planning ahead, can decrease the amount of discomfort your pet experiences,” says Debra Nickelson, D.V.M. “Using pheromone-based products such as Comfort Zone with D.A.P. (Dog Appeasing Pheromone), is great for overly-agitated dogs, as it helps them remain calm in unfamiliar or stressful scenarios.”
“My dog Edy is fairly calm overall, but whenever there is thunder or loud noises he shakes uncontrollably, whimpers and hides in our bedroom,” says Eric Kardesh, pet parent of a 2-year-old vizsla. “To make him feel calm, I always make sure his favorite blanket is in his crate, and I give it a few sprays of Comfort Zone which helps him feel safe and less stressed.”
The days following the Fourth of July are often the busiest of the year for many animal shelters recovering lost dogs. To ensure your dog is safe, keep him at home and plan ahead with these simple solutions:
* Keep your dog indoors in a confined and secure area to help him feel safe and secure.
* Put a favorite toy or blanket with your dog for added reassurance.
* Calming products, such as Comfort Zone, can soothe dogs having trouble coping with stress.
* Keep the shades closed and turn on the TV or radio to drown out unfamiliar noise.
“Usually I’ll find someone to pet sit during the Fourth of July,” says Rachel Van Buskirk, pet parent of a 6-year-old pug. “But when I can’t find anyone for the day, it seems to help if I leave some music to distract my dog from outside noises.”
If you’re planning on taking your companion with you for fireworks or neighborhood festivities, it is important to make sure you are prepared. When out and about with your dog this summer season, keep in mind the following tips:
* Keep your dog on a leash or in an animal carrier at all times.
* Do not leave your dog in the car, they heat up quickly and can cause health problems.
* Double-check to make sure your dog is wearing current identification.
* Consider getting a microchip for your dog.
* Make sure to bring some treats and a water bowl to keep your dog hydrated.
* Know your dog’s temperament. If your dog is not good with crowds, leave him at home.
Pet parents looking for additional tips and advice can visit http://www.petcomfortzone.com/dog_behaviors.htm.
Courtesy of ARAcontent
“The summer can be a difficult time for pets with the noise of fireworks and neighborhood commotion. However, recognizing these changes in your dog’s environment, and planning ahead, can decrease the amount of discomfort your pet experiences,” says Debra Nickelson, D.V.M. “Using pheromone-based products such as Comfort Zone with D.A.P. (Dog Appeasing Pheromone), is great for overly-agitated dogs, as it helps them remain calm in unfamiliar or stressful scenarios.”
“My dog Edy is fairly calm overall, but whenever there is thunder or loud noises he shakes uncontrollably, whimpers and hides in our bedroom,” says Eric Kardesh, pet parent of a 2-year-old vizsla. “To make him feel calm, I always make sure his favorite blanket is in his crate, and I give it a few sprays of Comfort Zone which helps him feel safe and less stressed.”
The days following the Fourth of July are often the busiest of the year for many animal shelters recovering lost dogs. To ensure your dog is safe, keep him at home and plan ahead with these simple solutions:
* Keep your dog indoors in a confined and secure area to help him feel safe and secure.
* Put a favorite toy or blanket with your dog for added reassurance.
* Calming products, such as Comfort Zone, can soothe dogs having trouble coping with stress.
* Keep the shades closed and turn on the TV or radio to drown out unfamiliar noise.
“Usually I’ll find someone to pet sit during the Fourth of July,” says Rachel Van Buskirk, pet parent of a 6-year-old pug. “But when I can’t find anyone for the day, it seems to help if I leave some music to distract my dog from outside noises.”
If you’re planning on taking your companion with you for fireworks or neighborhood festivities, it is important to make sure you are prepared. When out and about with your dog this summer season, keep in mind the following tips:
* Keep your dog on a leash or in an animal carrier at all times.
* Do not leave your dog in the car, they heat up quickly and can cause health problems.
* Double-check to make sure your dog is wearing current identification.
* Consider getting a microchip for your dog.
* Make sure to bring some treats and a water bowl to keep your dog hydrated.
* Know your dog’s temperament. If your dog is not good with crowds, leave him at home.
Pet parents looking for additional tips and advice can visit http://www.petcomfortzone.com/dog_behaviors.htm.
Courtesy of ARAcontent
Tuesday, June 3, 2008
“Kyle’s Miles” Drives NASCAR Fans Crazy For The Cause Of Dog Adoption
NAPSI-In a sport where every lap counts towards the race for the NASCAR Sprint Cup, one of this year’s hottest drivers is making every lap count for a cause close to his heart: dogs.
To help raise awareness and funding for the millions of dogs in shelters and breed rescue organizations, dog-owner and NASCAR-driver Kyle Busch has joined forces with PEDIGREE Food for Dogs--NASCAR Fans’ Best Friend and proud sponsor of the No. 18 PEDIGREE Toyota--to create “Kyle’s Miles,” a program aimed at raising $100,000 for The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation.
Now through October 15, 2008, NASCAR fans and dog lovers can log on to www.Dogsrule.com to make a monetary pledge to sponsor miles of any of Busch’s Sprint Cup races during that window; a roster which will sport 25 races and more than 10,000 miles. Donations from pledges will directly benefit The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation, a nonprofit organization that provides funding to 501©(3) status animal shelters and breed rescues nationwide. Busch kicked off the program from Richmond, Va., where he raced the No. 18 PEDIGREE Toyota for the first time during the Crown Royal Presents the Dan Lowry 400 on May 3, 2008.
“As the owner of two dogs, I know how happy they can make you, so to me it’s really sad that each year 4 million dogs end up in animal shelters and breed rescue organizations and 2 million never make it out,” said Busch. “Kyle’s Miles hopes to raise money and awareness for the dogs that are so often overlooked and I’m excited to be able to do my part to help.”
As an added incentive to the Kyle’s Miles program, anyone who sponsors miles is automatically entered into a sweepstakes to win a trip for two to Phoenix in November to meet Busch and attend the Checker Auto Parts 500 at Phoenix International Raceway on November 9, 2008. Those who’d like to enter the sweepstakes but not sponsor Kyle’s Miles can also do so at www.Dogsrule.com.
The fourth annual PEDIGREE Adoption Drive launched in February 2008, with a goal to raise more than $1 million for The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation. Because of their love for dogs, PEDIGREE Food for Dogs created The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive to help shine a spotlight on the plight of homeless dogs. Through no fault of their own, more than four million dogs end up in shelters every year. Sadly, nearly half of those canines never find a place to call home, a trend that the PEDIGREE Brand and Busch hope to help reverse.
In addition to making a donation to Kyle’s Miles, there are several easy ways NASCAR fans can take part in The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive all year long that help benefit the foundation:
• Anytime you purchase a PEDIGREE product, a donation is made to benefit the foundation.
• Visit Dogsrule.com to browse Dogs rule. gear, a line of merchandise and apparel for dog lovers. Proceeds after expenses from the sale of all Dogs rule. items benefit The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation.
• Additionally, those who adopt a dog from a local shelter or breed rescue anytime during 2008 are eligible for a free, one-month supply of food as a thank-you from PEDIGREE.
To learn more about adoption and find a shelter near you, visit www.Dogsrule.com. PEDIGREE Brand products are available at grocery, pet specialty and mass merchandise outlets nationwide. For more news about PEDIGREE Brand, log on to www.marsnewsroom.com.
NASCAR driver Kyle Busch posed with local shelter dogs at Richmond International Raceway, to announce “Kyle’s Miles,” a program aimed at raising $100,000 for homeless dogs as part of The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive.
To help raise awareness and funding for the millions of dogs in shelters and breed rescue organizations, dog-owner and NASCAR-driver Kyle Busch has joined forces with PEDIGREE Food for Dogs--NASCAR Fans’ Best Friend and proud sponsor of the No. 18 PEDIGREE Toyota--to create “Kyle’s Miles,” a program aimed at raising $100,000 for The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation.
Now through October 15, 2008, NASCAR fans and dog lovers can log on to www.Dogsrule.com to make a monetary pledge to sponsor miles of any of Busch’s Sprint Cup races during that window; a roster which will sport 25 races and more than 10,000 miles. Donations from pledges will directly benefit The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation, a nonprofit organization that provides funding to 501©(3) status animal shelters and breed rescues nationwide. Busch kicked off the program from Richmond, Va., where he raced the No. 18 PEDIGREE Toyota for the first time during the Crown Royal Presents the Dan Lowry 400 on May 3, 2008.
“As the owner of two dogs, I know how happy they can make you, so to me it’s really sad that each year 4 million dogs end up in animal shelters and breed rescue organizations and 2 million never make it out,” said Busch. “Kyle’s Miles hopes to raise money and awareness for the dogs that are so often overlooked and I’m excited to be able to do my part to help.”
As an added incentive to the Kyle’s Miles program, anyone who sponsors miles is automatically entered into a sweepstakes to win a trip for two to Phoenix in November to meet Busch and attend the Checker Auto Parts 500 at Phoenix International Raceway on November 9, 2008. Those who’d like to enter the sweepstakes but not sponsor Kyle’s Miles can also do so at www.Dogsrule.com.
The fourth annual PEDIGREE Adoption Drive launched in February 2008, with a goal to raise more than $1 million for The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation. Because of their love for dogs, PEDIGREE Food for Dogs created The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive to help shine a spotlight on the plight of homeless dogs. Through no fault of their own, more than four million dogs end up in shelters every year. Sadly, nearly half of those canines never find a place to call home, a trend that the PEDIGREE Brand and Busch hope to help reverse.
In addition to making a donation to Kyle’s Miles, there are several easy ways NASCAR fans can take part in The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive all year long that help benefit the foundation:
• Anytime you purchase a PEDIGREE product, a donation is made to benefit the foundation.
• Visit Dogsrule.com to browse Dogs rule. gear, a line of merchandise and apparel for dog lovers. Proceeds after expenses from the sale of all Dogs rule. items benefit The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive Foundation.
• Additionally, those who adopt a dog from a local shelter or breed rescue anytime during 2008 are eligible for a free, one-month supply of food as a thank-you from PEDIGREE.
To learn more about adoption and find a shelter near you, visit www.Dogsrule.com. PEDIGREE Brand products are available at grocery, pet specialty and mass merchandise outlets nationwide. For more news about PEDIGREE Brand, log on to www.marsnewsroom.com.
NASCAR driver Kyle Busch posed with local shelter dogs at Richmond International Raceway, to announce “Kyle’s Miles,” a program aimed at raising $100,000 for homeless dogs as part of The PEDIGREE Adoption Drive.
Monday, June 2, 2008
So You Want To Get A Jack Russell: New Book Might Change Your Mind
/24-7PressRelease/ - The Jack Russell terrier is a tenacious breed that was originally bred for hunting. Recently the breed has become a popular house pet and America. Since the advent of shows like Fraser which featured a Jack Russell terrier and the showing of Jack Russell's out and about with celebrities, the breed has become synonymous with standing out from all the others.
What a lot of people do not know is that the Jack Russell is not only a special breed but also has special traits that sometimes make it difficult to join an existing family that has other dogs. This is why Don and Kellie of Sheridan Wyoming has written "The Jack Russell Terrier: Canine Companion or Demon Dog."
This book helps explain the special characteristics of the Jack Russell and the behavior that the breed takes on. The Jack Russell can be a very aggressive dog but at the same time be very loyal to its owner. Introducing the Jack Russell into a family that already has dogs can be a trying experience.
This book not only teaches you how to introduce the dog into the new family but it also teaches the Jack Russell owner how to introduce new dogs into a family that already has a Jack.
If you have never owned a Jack Russell this book is a must to make sure this dog fits the dynamics of either you or your family.
The information is easy to read and covers everything from raising a Jack Russell puppy to showing a Jack Russell at a dog show our agility competition. The authors wrote this book from the love of the breed and their experiences with their Jack Russell, Trixie.
The title can be found on Amazon.com or at the author's site http:www.dkrainwater.com. Signed copies are available on both websites and both Don and Kellie welcome the prospect of outside publishers or affiliations in regards to the book.
If you are a potential owner of a Jack Russell or you have a Jack Russell already this book is a must-read.
Don Rainwater
What a lot of people do not know is that the Jack Russell is not only a special breed but also has special traits that sometimes make it difficult to join an existing family that has other dogs. This is why Don and Kellie of Sheridan Wyoming has written "The Jack Russell Terrier: Canine Companion or Demon Dog."
This book helps explain the special characteristics of the Jack Russell and the behavior that the breed takes on. The Jack Russell can be a very aggressive dog but at the same time be very loyal to its owner. Introducing the Jack Russell into a family that already has dogs can be a trying experience.
This book not only teaches you how to introduce the dog into the new family but it also teaches the Jack Russell owner how to introduce new dogs into a family that already has a Jack.
If you have never owned a Jack Russell this book is a must to make sure this dog fits the dynamics of either you or your family.
The information is easy to read and covers everything from raising a Jack Russell puppy to showing a Jack Russell at a dog show our agility competition. The authors wrote this book from the love of the breed and their experiences with their Jack Russell, Trixie.
The title can be found on Amazon.com or at the author's site http:www.dkrainwater.com. Signed copies are available on both websites and both Don and Kellie welcome the prospect of outside publishers or affiliations in regards to the book.
If you are a potential owner of a Jack Russell or you have a Jack Russell already this book is a must-read.
Don Rainwater
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